Original Article

Effect of the H2 receptor antagonist nizatidine on xerostomia in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome

Authors

Tsuyoshi Kasama¹, Fumitaka Shiozawa¹, Takeo Isozaki¹, Mizuho Matsunawa¹, Kuninobu Wakabayashi¹, Tsuyoshi Odai¹, Nobuyuki Yajima¹, Yusuke Miwa¹, Masao Negishi¹ and Hirotsugu Ide¹

1. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan

Received:

10 March 2008

Accepted:

3 April 2008

Published online:

14 May 2008

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Abstract

In Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), oral dryness (xerostomia) is frequently the most bothersome symptom. An H2 histamine receptor antagonist is often administered to SS patients to treat associated superficial gastritis. The aim of the present study was to assess the ability of nizatidine, an H2 receptor antagonist, to also relieve xerostomia in patients with primary SS. Twenty-seven patients with primary SS were randomly assigned to receive nizatidine (n = 14, 300 mg a day) or another H2 blocker, famotidine (n = 13, 40 mg a day; control), were followed for eight weeks, and were asked for both subjective and objective assessments of oral dryness using a visual analog scale (VAS; 1-100 mm) and the Saxon’s test, respectively. Patients receiving oral nizatidine, but not famotidine, obtained significant objective relief from their xerostomia (Saxon’s test; baseline, 0.57 g/2 min; after eight weeks, 0.90 g/2 min, P < 0.05). VAS scores indicated that nizatidine also provides mild improvement (20% improvement over baseline) of xerostomia-related clinical conditions, including mouth dryness and difficulty in chewing, tasting and swallowing food. Both drugs were generally well tolerated, without adverse effects. The present preliminary study suggests that nizatidine may represent a new option for the treatment of xerostomia in SS.

Key words

H2 receptor antagonist - Sjögren’s syndrome - Xerostomia