Vol.23 No.5

Original Article

The capillaroscopic findings in idiopathic pernio: is it a microvascular disease?

Authors

Mustafa Ozmen1 , Volkan Kurtoglu2 , Gercek Can1 , Emine Figen Tarhan1 , Dilek Soysal2 , Sakine Leyla Aslan2

  • Izmir Ataturk Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi Romatoloji Poliklinigi, Yesilyurt Karabaglar, Izmir, Turkey
  • Izmir Ataturk Training and Research Hospital Internal Medicine Clinic, Izmir, Turkey
Received:

6 April 2012

Accepted:

23 August 2012

Published online:

24 September 2012

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Abstract

Objectives Pernio is a disorder that affects the unprotected skin regions of individuals who are exposed to nonfreezing, damp cold. We aimed to examine nailfold capillaries by video capillaroscopy and evaluate the vascular involvement in patients with idiopathic pernio.
Methods Fifty-three patients with idiopathic pernio (male/female ratio 35:18, mean age 25 ± 9 years) and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (male/female ratio 30:8, mean age 24 ± 4 years) were included in the study. Forty-seven of the 53 patients and all the healthy volunteers were evaluated by nailfold video capillaroscopy.
Results In the patient group, the mean capillary diameter and the mean apical capillary diameter were 56 ± 15 and 24 ± 7 lm, respectively. In the control group, the mean capillary diameter and the mean apical capillary diameter were 37 ± 8 and 15 ± 4 lm, respectively (both p%ABST%.001). Both of these differences were independent of the disease activity, smoking, and the number of pernio episodes. There were no architectural derangements, avascular areas, or hemorrhages.
Conclusions In the present study, increased nailfold capillary diameter and increased apical capillary diameter were found in patients with pernio regardless of the disease
activity. These findings suggest organic damage of the microcirculation.

Key words

Cold exposure, Cold-induced reaction, Nailfold video capillaroscopy, Pernio, Raynaud’s phenomenon